If you’ve heard the term “adrenal tumor” and felt confused, you’re not alone. The adrenal glands sit on top of each kidney and make hormones that control stress, blood pressure, and metabolism. When a growth forms there, it can change how those hormones work and cause real health problems.
An adrenal tumor is any abnormal mass in one or both adrenal glands. Most are benign (non‑cancerous) adenomas that don’t cause symptoms. A smaller group are malignant cancers that can spread to other organs. Some tumors, like pheochromocytomas, release excess hormones such as adrenaline, leading to high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, and sweating.
People often discover a tumor by accident during imaging for another issue. When symptoms do appear, they usually match the hormone that’s over‑produced – headaches, weight loss, muscle weakness, or unexplained bruising are common clues.
The first step is a scan: CT or MRI gives a clear picture of size and shape. Blood and urine tests check hormone levels to see if the tumor is active. In some cases, doctors may do a special scan called MIBG that highlights pheochromocytomas.
Treatment depends on type and symptoms. Small, non‑functioning adenomas often just get watched with regular scans. If a tumor makes hormones, medication can block those effects while doctors plan surgery. Surgical removal—usually done laparoscopically—is the standard cure for most adrenal tumors.
Malignant adrenal cancers need a tougher approach. Surgery is still first‑line if the tumor hasn’t spread. After that, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or radiation may be added to shrink any remaining cancer cells.
Recovery after surgery is usually quick. Most patients feel better within a week and can return to normal activities soon after. Hormone replacement might be needed temporarily if both glands were removed.
If you suspect an adrenal issue, see your doctor promptly. Early testing catches tumors before they cause serious hormone imbalances or spread. Ask about blood pressure changes, unusual sweating, or persistent headaches – those are red flags worth mentioning.
Living with an adrenal tumor can feel overwhelming, but the good news is that many are treatable and some need only monitoring. Keep a list of any new symptoms, stay on top of follow‑up appointments, and don’t hesitate to ask your doctor for clear explanations of test results.
Living with pheochromocytoma can be challenging, but there are ways to reduce stress and improve our daily lives. One crucial strategy is to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including exercise, a balanced diet, and proper sleep. It's also important to stay informed about our condition and seek support from friends, family, or support groups. We should also work closely with our healthcare team to monitor our symptoms and develop a personalized treatment plan. Lastly, engaging in relaxation techniques such as meditation or deep breathing exercises can help manage stress and lower anxiety levels.
